|
Date
|
Latin name |
Common name |
Notes |
Citation |
6/29/2009
|
|
|
ISAC invasive species
definition
|
Beck, K. et al. 2008.
Invasive species defined in a policy context: recommendations for the
federal Invasive Species Advisory Committee. Invasive Plant
Science and Management 1(4):414-421.
|
| 6/29/2009 |
|
|
Invasive plants classified
as competitors from mesic or nutrient rich environments benefit more
from enemy release than invasive plants from drier, nutrient poor
environments.
|
Blumenthal, D. et al.
2009.Synergy between pathogen release and resource availability in
plant invasion. PNAS:106(19): 7899-7904
|
6/29/2009
|
|
|
Study
of Florida nursery finds plants marketed longer more likely to
naturalize. Aquatic herbs and vines and some plant families also
more
likely to naturalize. |
Pemberton,
R. W., Hong Liu. 2009. Marketing time predicts naturalization of
horticultural plants. Ecology: Vol. 90, No. 1, pp. 69-80. |
| 6/29/2009 |
|
|
Chicago
bans 14 ornamental plants |
egov.cityofchicago.org
|
| 6/29/2009 |
Acacia
nilotica, Ageratina riparia, Arctotheca calendula, Euphorbia terracina;
Inula
britannica, Onopordum acaulon, O. illyricum |
|
APHIS
proposes to add 7 new species to the U.S. noxious weed list |
Federal
Register vol. 74 #110
|
| 6/29/2009 |
Didymosphenia
geminata |
didymo,
rock snot |
A
new occurrence of this freshwater diatom is reported in Esopus Creek,
NY.
It is also in the Delaware River, TVA streams, CA, and in New Zealand,
Asia and
Europe. It poses a threat to aquatic organisms and fishing.
It may
be spread by fisherman on felt-soled waders. |
New
York Times, June 16, 2009 and
Spaulding,
S. and L. Elwell. 2007. Increase in nuisance blooms and geographic
expansion of
the freshwater diatom Didymosphenia geminata. Available online: http://www.epa.gov/region8/water/
didymosphenia/
White%20Paper%20Jan%202007.pdf
|
| 6/29/2009 |
Lespedeza
cuneata
|
Chinese
lespedeza |
Native
Lespedeza
virginica population growth rates were
much lower than those
of L. cuneata. Although herbivory was higher on L.
virginica,
this had relatively little effect on its growth rate. Higher fertility
of L.
cuneata is responsible for the higher pop. growth rate. |
Schutzenhofer, M. R. et
al.
2009. Herbivory and population
dynamics of invasive and native Lespedeza. Oecologia 161:57-66. |
6/29/2009
|
Didymosphenia geminata
|
didymo, rock snot
|
A new occurrence of
this
freshwater diatom is reported in Esopus Creek, NY. It is also in
the Delaware River, TVA streams, CA, and in New Zealand, Asia and
Europe. It poses a threat to aquatic organisms and fishing.
It may be spread by fisherman on felt-soled waders.
|
New York Times, June 16,
2009
and
Spaulding, S. and L. Elwell. 2007. Increase in nuisance blooms and
geographic expansion of the freshwater diatom Didymos
|
6/29/09
|
Lespedeza cuneata
|
Chinese lespedeza
|
Native Lespedeza virginica
population
growth rates were much lower than those of L. cuneata. Although
herbivory was higher on L. virginica,
this had relatively little effect on its growth rate. Higher fertility
of L. cuneata is responsible
for the higher pop. growth rate.
|
Schutzenhofer, M. R. et
al. 2009. Herbivory and population dynamics of invasive and
native Lespedeza. Oecologia 161:57-66.
|
6/25/09
|
Berberis thunbergii,
Alliaria petiolata,
Microstegium vimineum
|
Japanese barberry, garlic
mustard, stiltgrass
|
Canopy disturbance (caused
by Hemlock wooly adelgid) and available seeds surrounding forests
contributed significantly to plant invasions in eastern forests.
|
Eschtruth, A.K. and J. J.
Battles. 2009. Assessing the relative importance of disturbance,
herbivory, diversity, and propagule pressure in exotic plant invasion.
Ecological Monographs: Vol. 79, No. 2, pp. 265-280. |
12/15/08
|
Triadica sebifera
|
Chinese tallow tree
|
Planting seeds and
saplings in open versus closed canopy upland and lowland sites across
T. sebifera's
range showed that the tree is somewhat limited by
shade. It grew in all open canopy sites even outside its current
range.
|
Pattison, R. R. and R. N.
Mack. 2008. Environmental constraints on the invasion of Triadica
sebifera in the eastern
United States: an experimental field assessment. Oecologia
158: 591-602.
|
12/4/08
|
Tamarix spp.
|
tamarisk
|
Journal issue covers
restoration of sites invaded by tamarisk including articles on birds,
butterflies and vegetation.
|
Restoration Ecology
16(1). 2008
|
12/4/08
|
Alliaria petiolata
|
garlic mustard
|
Phytochemicals produced by
garlic mustard severely inhibit growth of mycorrhizae in North America
resulting in suppression of native plant species.
|
Callaway, RM et al. 2008.
Novel weapons: invasive plant suppresses fungal mutualists in America
but not in its native Europe. Ecology 89:1043-1055.
|
12/4/08
|
Berberis thunbergii
|
Japanese barberry
|
Research on effectiveness
of control treatments using herbicides or propane torches.
|
Ward, J.S et al. 2008.
Controlling Japanese barberry (Berberis
thunbergii DC) in New England, USA. Forest Ecology and
Management 257:561-566.
|
3/25/08
|
Osplimenus hirtellus ssp.
undulatifolius
|
wavyleaf basketgrass
|
Populations of this grass
were found in Baltimore and PG County MD after its initial siting in
Patapsco State Park. MD Dept. of Natural Resources is using this
as a test case for early detection/rapid response protocols.
|
www.mdinvasivesp.org
; Invader of the Month.
|
3/25/08
|
Phalaris arundinacea
|
reed canary grass
|
Reed canary grass had
higher genetic diversity and heritable phenotypic variation in
its invasive range compared to its native range. It was
introduced multiple times and has recombined to form novel
genotypes. This may allow it to adapt rapidly to climate change
and invade new habitats.
|
Lavergne, S. and J.
Molofsky. 2007. PNAS 104:3883-3888.
|
3/25/08
|
Phragmites australis
|
common reed
|
Researchers at University
of Delaware have found that the invasive strain of Phragmites secretes
a gallic acid that disintegrates structural proteins in the roots of
neighboring plants.
|
T. Rudrappa, J. Bonsall, J. L.
Gallagher, D. M. Seliskar and H. P. Bais.
2007.
Root-secreted Allelochemical in the Noxious Weed Phragmites
australis Deploys a Reactive Oxygen Species Response and
Microtubule Assembly Disruption to Execute Rhizotoxicity. J.
Chem. Ecol. 33:1573-1561.
|
3/25/08
|
Hydrilla verticillata
|
hydrilla
|
In the Potomac River,
hydrilla appears to have beneficial effects on the river stabilizing
the bottom, slowing currents and growing with native plants.
|
Pelton, Tom. July
30, 2007. "Invader might be a savior" Baltimore Sun.
|
3/25/08
|
Polygonum sachalinense
|
giant knotweed
|
The US Forest Service
Northeastern Area Invasive plant website has many "Weed of the Week"
fact sheets with identification and control tips.
|
http://www.na.fs.fed.us/fhp/invasive_plants/
|
3/21/08
|
Phalaris arundinacea
|
reed canary grass
|
Reducing nitrogen
availability in a wetland enabled a native sedge to reduce the biomass
of reed canary grass.
|
Perry, L. G., S. M.
Galatowitsch and C. J. Rosen. 2004. J. Appl. Ecol.
41:151-162.
|
3/21/08
|
Centaurea diffusa
|
diffuse knapweed
|
Grasslands can resist
invasion by diffuse knapweed, but their resistance can be lowered
through reduced competition and increased soil nutrient levels.
|
Seastedt, T. R. and K. N.
Suding. 2007. Biotic constraints on the invasion of diffuse
knapweed (Centaurea diffusa)
in North American grasslands. Oecologia 151: 626-636.
|
3/21/08
|
Buddleja
davidii
|
butterfly bush
|
In a study in Germany,
butterfly bush had several physiological traits that would make it more
efficient at using N in photosynthesis compared to 5 native
species. This could facilitate its ability to invade.
|
Feng, Y., H. Auge, S.K.
Ebeling. 2007. Invasive Buddleja
davidii allocates more nitrogen to its photosynthetic machinery
than five native woody species. Oecologia 153:501-510.
|
3/21/08
|
Cuscuta japonica
|
Japanese dodder
|
In CA and TX infestations
of Japanese dodder have appeared. The parasitic plant looking
like orange spaghetti can engulf small trees. There are also many
native species of dodder and they are difficult to distinguish.
Japanese dodder may have arrived on imported nursery plants or as seed
that is used in traditional Hmong herbal medicine.
|
Sullivan, Ron and
Joe Eaton. "The Dirt: Beware the Invasive Japanese Dodder"
10/17/07 www.sfgate.com
|
3/21/08
|
Acer platanoides
|
Norway maple
|
A field experiment in New
Jersey showed reduced growth of red maple saplings in stands with a
high proportion of Norway maple compared to native stands of forest
trees.
|
Galbraith-Kent, S. L. and
S. N. Handel. 2008. Invasive Acer platanoides inhibits
native
sapling growth in forest understorey communities. J. Ecol. 96
(2): 293-302.
|
3/21/08
|
Buddleja spp.
|
butterfly bush
|
Evaluation of 14 cultivars
of Buddleja for seed
germination. All cultivars produced seed. Germination
required light with highest germination rates at 74%.
|
Wilson, S. B., M.
Thetford, L. K. Mecca, J. S. Raymer and J. A. Gersony.
2004. Evaluation of 14 butterfly bush taxa grown in Western and
Southern Florida: II. seed production and germination.
Hort. Tech. 14 (4):612
|
| 3/28/07 |
Ailanthus altissima |
tree of heaven |
A wilt fungus has been killing
tree-of-heaven in the northeastern US and could be useful as a
biocontrol agent for the tree. |
Jianqing Ding, Yun Wu, Hao Zheng, Weidong
Fu, Richard Reardon, Min Liu. 2006. Assessing potential biological
control of the invasive plant, tree-of-heaven, Ailanthus altissima.
Biocontrol Science and Technology 16: 547-566 |
| 3/28/07 |
Arum italicum |
Italian Lords and Ladies |
Watch list: Noticed spreading in
Alexandria, VA park and in Rock Creek Park in DC in moist soils |
MA-EPPC listserve |
| 3/28/07 |
Lonicera maackii |
Amur honeysuckle |
Amur honeysuckle not only reduces plant
diversity in hardwood forests, but it also significantly reduces tree
growth and diameter of previously established trees. |
McCarthy, B. 2006. Hardwood forest invasion
by a non-indigenous shrub (Amur honeysuckle) negatively affects
overstory productivity. North Central Weed Science Society Proceedings.
61:182 |
| 3/28/07 |
Mahonia spp. |
grape holly |
Watch list: Oregon grape holly (M.
aquifolium) native to the western US, and M. bealei, an Asian Mahonia
are naturalizing and spreading in natural areas in the Mid Atlantic
region. No studies have been done on potential effects. Plants were
removed from Sligo Creek Park, Silver Springs, MD |
Native Plants East listserve |
| 3/28/07 |
Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. undulatifolius |
wavy leaf basketgrass |
Very recently noticed spreading rapidly in
Patapsco Valley State Park in Maryland and a site north of the park.
Native to Europe and southeastern Asia. |
Peterson, P. 1999 |
| 3/28/07 |
Phalaris arundinaceae |
reed canarygrass |
Interbreeding of multiple introductions of
reed canarygrass has led to super-successful strains invading natural
areas in North America. |
Lavergne, S. and J. Molofsky. 2007.
Increased genetic variation and evolutionary potential drive the
success of an invasive grass. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences 10:1073 |
| 3/28/07 |
Ulex europaeus |
gorse |
In New Zealand a study found that nitrate
levels in water leaching out of stands of gorse was significantly
higher than water from surrounding areas. This could lead to water
quality problems in surrounding lakes and rivers. |
G. Magesan, H. Wang, P. Clinton, and J. McIntosh. 2006.
Nitrate leaching from gorse - a study from New Zealand. 18th World
Congress of Soil Science, Philadelphia, PA
|