Escape and hybridization of a genetically modified invasive plant

Back in 2002 Scotts Company planted Roundup resistant Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bentgrass) in a trial field in Oregon.  The genes moved in pollen carried by the wind to wild Agrostis stolonifera and A. gigantea plants up to 21 km away.  Scotts failed to kill all the transgenic plants found outside the field boundaries and populations of transgenic plants were found in 2006. Now scientists have found a wild creeping bentgrass plant hybridized with pollen contribution from a grass in another genera, Polypogon monspeliensis, to create a transgenic hybrid grass.  A decision about deregulating transgenic Agrostis stolonifera is still pending.  Let’s hope this new data gets taken into consideration!

 

Snow, A. A. 2012. Illegal gene flow from transgenic creeping bentgrass: the saga continues. Molecular Ecology, 21: 4663–4664. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012

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Tadpole morphology changed by Roundup

Researchers discovered that tadpoles of three frog and toad species (wood frogs, leopard frogs and American toads)  developed the same tail shape that they do when exposed to predators such as dragonfly larvae or newts.   The different tail shape helps them to escape predators.  The study also showed that although tadpoles had the same mortality risk when exposed to Roundup as has been found in other studies, that the risk of mortality decreased if the tadpoles were also exposed to predator cues.  The investigators hypothesize that the herbicide stratifies in the water and that tadpoles dive to the bottom where the herbicide is less concentrated when they think predators are around.

Relyea, Rick A. 2012. New effects of Roundup on amphibians: Predators reduce herbicide mortality; herbicides induce antipredator morphology. Ecological Applications, 22:634–647. dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-0189.1]

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