Water hyacinth used for counteracting algal blooms

In a controversial experiment in Florida, researchers are stocking King’s Bay with floating pens of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) to reduce algal blooms.  Water hyacinth was removed from the bay beginning in the late 1950s, but Hydrilla replaced it and now algal blooms have become an issue in the lake.  Water hyacinth is good at removing pollutants from water and shading out algae.  In addition, manatees love it!

The pens also contain two other non-native species (called native in the original article), water lettuce and frog’s bit, considered less invasive by the some, but the article does not address whether these two plants would serve the same function as the water hyacinth.

Read more at the University of Washington’s Conservation web site and for updates see the Florida Springs Institute.

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Which Eucalyptus are High Risk?

Eucalyptus are being considered as possible biofuel and timber crops in tropical and subtropical parts of the United States.  A group of researchers assessed 38 Eucalyptus species currently being tested and cultivated in the U.S. for their risk of becoming invasive.  They used a modification of the Australian Weed Risk Assessment protocol.  14 of the 38 taxa were found to be high risk.

Doria R. Gordon, S. Luke Flory, Aimee L. Cooper, & Sarah K. Morris. 2012. Assessing the invasion risk of Eucalyptus in the United States using the Australian weed risk assessment. International Journal of Forestry Research, 2012 Issue, pp 1-7, doi:10.1155/2012/203768

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Controlling Para grass without herbicides

Para grass, Urochloa mutica, grows in the southeastern United States in fields, marshes and swamps.  It spreads by runners to form dense stands. It can be controlled with herbicides, but managers often wish to avoid using herbicides in sensitive wetland areas.  Research on non-chemical control methods in Florida show that Para grass can be controlled using a combination of flame weeding or mowing and flooding.   Particularly in areas where water levels can be manipulated, burning or cutting plants prior to flooding proved can be an effective means of killing Para grass.

Sushila Chaudhari, Brent A. Sellers, Stephen V. Rockwood, Jason A. Ferrell, Gregory E. MacDonald, Kevin E. Kenworthy. 2012. Nonchemical Methods for Paragrass (Urochloa mutica) Control. Invasive Plant Science and Management: January-March 2012, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 20-26.

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Management Guidelines for Florida Aquatic Plants now Online

The University of Florida Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants has a new website for learning about aquatic invasive plant management, http://plants.ifas.ufl.edu/manage/.  The resources on the site will be helpful for land managers in many states.

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Updated Florida Non-Native Plant Management Guidelines

The University of Florida IFAS Extension has published a revised edition of “Integrated Management of Nonnative Plants in Natural Areas of Florida” by K. A. Langeland, J. A. Ferrell, B. Sellers, G. E. MacDonald, and R. K. Stocker (SP 242).  This book covers management of non-native plants growing in Florida, but not identification.  The authors recommend Langeland, K. A. and Craddock Burks, 2008. “Identification and Biology of Non-Native Plants in Florida’s Natural Areas” (SP 257) for identification.

Both books are availaable to purchase from http://ifasbooks.ifas.ufl.edu/c-103-invasive-and-non-native-plants.aspx.  The management publication can be downloaded from  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/wg209 and the identification guide can be downloaded from http://www.fleppc.org/ID_book.htm

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